Parens Patriae: Why the Court Gets Involved in Your Family
If you’re dealing with a divorce or a child custody dispute, there’s something you need to understand early: This is not just your case. That’s not rhetoric. It’s how the…
Part II – Fidelity, Filtering, and the Loss of Context
In most areas of litigation, original testimony is preserved. Depositions are recorded. Hearings are transcribed. Statements given in investigative settings are documented. Context is retained because meaning does not reside…
The Calendar and the Calculator in Harmony: Fully Serving the Best Interest of the Child
When parents separate, two instruments immediately begin to shape a child's future: the calendar (time) and the calculator (money). Both matter. Neither is optional. And neither compensates for the absence…
Should a Guardian ad Litem Speak for the Child—or Over the Child?
Utah’s 2026 legislative session includes a proposal that deserves attention well beyond juvenile court. House Bill 372—particularly its substitute versions—revisits Guardian ad Litem (GAL) duties and standards in child welfare proceedings.…
Perception Isn’t Everything in Divorce Court, But It Often Decides the Close Calls
Utah divorce law is statutory. Judges don’t invent custody standards or alimony rules on a whim. They apply what the Legislature has enacted. But statutes do not apply themselves. Judges…
What Counts as “Testimony” When the Court Hears From a Child
In the prior two posts, I described a common feature of Utah custody and parent-time proceedings: courts routinely make findings about a child’s needs, relationships, and lived experience without hearing…
When the System Resists Hearing from the One Person Who Actually Lives the Case
Seth Godin observed that every important medical innovation of the last several centuries—handwashing, antibiotics, acknowledging the dangers of smoking—was initially resisted by the medical establishment. Not because the ideas were…
Why Courts Should Explain How They Hear Children in Custody Cases
Evidence, Record-Making, and the Limits of Testimonial Substitution Courts, lawyers, and commissioners in child custody and parent-time disputes often operate on an unspoken assumption: that the only acceptable way to…
The False Virtue of Silence: Why We Must Stop Silencing Children in Custody Disputes
There is a pervasive, almost religious orthodoxy in family law litigation over child custody and parent-time that goes something like this: “We must protect the children. Therefore, we must never…
When Would It Be Appropriate to Modify a Utah Custody Order?
Child custody orders are not etched in stone, but neither are they revolving doors. Utah law makes that clear. Parents often assume that if circumstances “change” at all (no matter…
Kelly v. Johnson, 2025 UT App 175 – Child Custody and Relocation
Kelly v. Johnson - 2025 UT App 175 THE UTAH COURT OF APPEALS SHAYNE KELLY, Appellee, v. IRIS JOHNSON, Appellant. Opinion No. 20240857 Filed November 28, 2025 Second District Court,…
A Shield, Not a Gag: Utah’s PGAL Statute Authorizes Representation, Not Substitution
When Utah courts face high-conflict custody disputes, one common suggestion is to appoint what is known as a Private Guardian ad Litem (PGAL)—an attorney ostensibly tasked with “representing the best interests of…
Beyond Specific Legal Arguments, What Is One Significant Way the Court System Could Better Ensure Fairness for All Parents in Child Custody Disputes?
I apologize in advance; I cannot limit myself to just one answer, but I will start off with the “top” idea and then share others. Courts could make custody disputes…
A Presumption of Equal Physical and Legal Child Custody Should Be the Norm
Most parents in Utah assume that when they separate or divorce, the court will start from a position of splitting custody evenly. That’s a reasonable assumption—shared parenting has become the…
Reforming Child Custody in Utah Divorce: A Parental Fitness Approach
In Utah, divorce-related child custody disputes often escalate over parenting flaws that wouldn’t justify state intervention outside divorce. This approach is flawed because it creates a double standard that unfairly…
Protecting Parental Rights: Why Sole Custody Shouldn’t Be the Default Response
A single mistake shouldn't cost a parent his or her relationship with his/her child. Yet too often, family courts award sole custody based on isolated incidents or "aberrant behavior" that…
Is It Possible to Divorce With Dignity?
Divorce is rarely an easy process. Even in fairly amicable situations, emotions can run high and the temptation to engage in dirty tricks can be strong. However, it is possible—and…
How Can an Unfair Child Custody Arrangement Be Corrected in Utah?
It depends on how you reached this point, and how much time, if any, you have to fix it. If circumstances relevant to the child custody award have materially and…
Is Therapy Necessary in Utah Divorce?: What You Should Consider
Therapy in the context of this post means “mental health therapy”; meeting with a licensed talking with a psychologist, psychiatrist, or another mental health provider. This kind of therapy is…
The Prejudicial Impact of False Abuse Accusations on Husbands and Fathers in Utah Divorce and Custody Disputes
Child custody disputes between parents (whether in a divorce case or between unmarried parents) are among the most bitterly fought cases, as parents fight over the right to be integral…
I Live in Indianapolis, Indiana, I Have a Son at 17 Years Old. I Have Visitation Legal Custody. He Has Him Run Away. What Do I Do?
I am not licensed as an attorney in Indiana, but I will give you my personal opinion (it’s not legal advice) as it applies to the law in the jurisdiction…
In re H.H. – 2024 UT App 25 – termination of parental rights
In re H.H. - 2024 UT App 25 THE UTAH COURT OF APPEALS STATE OF UTAH, IN THE INTEREST OF H.H. AND N.H., PERSONS UNDER EIGHTEEN YEARS OF AGE. T.H.…
In re Adoption of M.A. – 2024 UT 6 – petition to unseal adoption records – good cause
In re Adoption of M.A. - 2024 UT 6 This opinion is subject to revision before final publication in the Pacific Reporter 2024 UT 6 IN THE SUPREME COURT OF…
What are the child custody factors that judges consider?
What are the child custody factors that judges consider when determining what's in a child's best interest in custody disputes according to Utah’s family law statutes? The main factors are…
Is There Any Realistic Way to Prevent Misappropriating Child Support Funds?
This is a subject that comes up frequently. It comes up frequently not because misappropriating child support is a hard problem to mitigate but because the courts don’t have the…
Does it not feel weird to anyone that a parent who does not get child custody has to pay child support to the other parent who is enjoying the kids?
I think I know why you think it’s weird. Why have the children live with one parent instead both parents on an equal custody basis? In other words, “I’ll bear…
What Is the Point of Granting Divorced Parents Joint Custody and Splitting Parenting Time? Isn’t It the Idea That the Children Benefit From Having Two Parents? Isn’t That True Only So Long as Both Parents Are Positive Influences and Not Criminals?
You pose two very good questions, and there are very good answers to each of them. Question 1) What is the point of granting divorced parents joint custody and splitting…
Kingston v. Kingston – 2022 UT 43 – Parental Rights, Due Process Rights
2022 UT 43 IN THE SUPREME COURT OF THE STATE OF UTAH RYAN CLYDE KINGSTON, Appellant, v. JESSICA BENNY KINGSTON, Appellee. No. 20200350 Heard April 11, 2022 Filed __ On…
My children’s father is a bum. Can he get 50/50 custody awarded?
The question is: I’m a stay at home mom, my BD is always working unreliable and inconsistent hours, he wants 50% custody of our son. Will he be granted 50%?…
What can you do if your ex-husband does not want to pay school fees?
What can you do if your husband does not want to pay school fees for his children when you are divorced? First, it is not necessarily a given that a…
Horne v. Horne – 2022 UT App 54 – 60(b) motion to set aside
2022 UT App 54 THE UTAH COURT OF APPEALS REBECCA A. HORNE, Appellee, v. TODD D. HORNE, Appellant. Opinion No. 20200845-CA Filed April 28, 2022 Third District Court, Salt Lake…
In re J.L… 2022 UT 12 – termination of parental rights
2022 UT 12 IN THE SUPREME COURT OF THE STATE OF UTAH STATE OF UTAH, in the Interest of J.A.L. and J.O.L., Persons Under Eighteen Years of Age J.L. and…
Child refuses to leave noncustodial parent’s house. What happens now?
I am the noncustodial parent. Our child came to my house for parent-time and now refuses to leave because he wants to live with me. What happens now? I will…
New laws from 2019 Utah Legislative Session – Section 30-3-34 – “best parent”?
New laws from 2019 Utah Legislative Session - Section 30-3-34 - "best parent"? Welcome back to our feature on new laws from the 2019 Utah Legislative Session. In 2019 the…
In re B.T.B. 2018 UT App 157 – termination of parental rights and what is “strictly necessary”
In re B.T.B. 2018 UT App 157 This is from an e-mail I received from the Utah Parental Defenders, a truly good organization that supports attorneys who represent parents when…