If a PGAL Can Interview a Child, So Can a Judge or Commissioner

Utah Courts Should Stop Paying an Intermediary to Tell the Factfinder What the Factfinder Can Hear Directly When a child's wishes, concerns, experiences, or perceptions matter in a Utah child…

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Guanuna v. Sawatzki: Utah Court Upholds Presumed Father Despite DNA

2026 UT App 130 THE UTAH COURT OF APPEALS JUAN MIGUEL GUANUNA, Appellant, v. LINDSEY R. SAWATZKI AND JONATHAN C. SAWATZKI, Appellees. Opinion No. 20240191-CA Filed August 20, 2026 Third…

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Utah Litigants Will Soon Have a Right to Free, Expedited Access to Courtroom Audio of Their Court Proceedings

Utah has enacted a meaningful improvement in access to court proceedings. Beginning January 1, 2027, Utah Code § 78A-1-203 will require an audio recording of each public court proceeding in…

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Age 18? High School Graduation? When Child Support Actually Ends in Utah

Most parents assume child support stops the moment a child turns 18. In Utah, that assumption is wrong more often than it's right. High school graduation timing controls the termination…

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The “Noble Exit” Trap: How Moving Out Can Reshape a Child Custody Case Before It Begins

It often begins with a request that sounds perfectly reasonable. “We need some space.” “The fighting isn’t good for the kids.” “Why don’t you stay somewhere else for a while…

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The Performative Care Trap: Why Family Court Is Addicted to Therapy

There is a ritual that plays out with remarkable regularity in Utah family court proceedings. A divorce becomes ugly. A parent is angry. A child is anxious. Communication deteriorates. Someone…

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When “Special Training” Becomes a Credentialist Dodge

What “Special Training” Does a Judge Really Need to Talk to a Child? In Utah child custody disputes, one of the stock objections to having a judge interview a child…

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Let the Judge Talk to the Child. Have the Judge Talk to the Child

One of the strangest objections to judges interviewing children in child custody disputes is that the interview might make the child anxious. Of course it might. The child’s parents are…

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When (and Why) Cheap Therapy Culture Makes Family Law Worse

Mental-health awareness has helped people recognize genuine illness, obtain treatment, and speak about suffering without shame. That is real progress. But family law increasingly reveals the other side of the…

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Hidden Assets in a Utah Divorce: What Discovery Actually Does—and Where It Falls Short

Utah's entire system for dividing property, setting alimony, and calculating child support runs on one assumption: both parties are telling the truth about their finances. When that assumption breaks down,…

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The Innocent Signature That Creates an Indefinite Trap

Signing Form I-864 is a life-altering federal commitment. A Utah divorce decree court cannot terminate your obligation to support an immigrant ex-spouse, and ordinary prenuptial agreements and alimony waivers generally will…

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Public Comment on Proposed Utah Rule of Civil Procedure 110 — Judicial Interview of a Minor Child

Summary: 1. Proposed paragraph (b)(2) applies to judicial interviews substantially the same restrictive threshold the Legislature imposed on compelled child testimony. 2. Concerns about litigation abuse and judicial workload justify…

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When a Label Changes the Past: Testing Memory Instead of Trusting It in Custody Disputes

Here is the objection this post is going to draw, so I deal with it directly instead of dodging it: raising questions about the reliability of memory sounds like it's…

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Damned If You Do, Damned If You Don’t: Responding to Domestic-Violence Allegations in Protective-Order Cases

An innocent respondent in a protective-order case often faces a problem that courts do not acknowledge clearly enough: The more fully he explains what happened, the more material he may give…

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The Court Proceedings Recording Ban That HB 540 Didn’t Fix

Utah's state court rules still prohibit litigants and attorneys from making their own audio recordings of court proceedings, even when a proceeding is open to the public and no legitimate…

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Utah Juvenile Appeal Mootness: In re M.M. Explained

In re M.M. - 2026 UT App 105 THE UTAH COURT OF APPEALS STATE OF UTAH, IN THE INTEREST OF M.M., A PERSON UNDER EIGHTEEN YEARS OF AGE. M.M., Appellant,…

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Utah Unlawful Detention: Bluffdale City v. Verive

Bluffdale City v. Verive - 2026 UT App 101 THE UTAH COURT OF APPEALS BLUFFDALE CITY, Appellee, v. AARON VERIVE, Appellant. Opinion No. 20250757-CA Filed July 2, 2026 Third District…

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Paulson v. Paulson: Premarital Agreements, Expert Disclosures, and Attorney Fees

Paulson v. Paulson - 2026 UT App 108 THE UTAH COURT OF APPEALS TRISHNA PAULSON, Appellee, v. CHRISTOPHER PAULSON, Appellant. Opinion No. 20220914-CA Filed July 16, 2026 Fourth District Court,…

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When Is a Divorce Settlement Agreement Ambiguous? Schmidt v. Schmidt

Schmidt v. Schmidt - 2026 UT App 98 THE UTAH COURT OF APPEALS STEPHEN EDWARD SCHMIDT, Appellant, v. ANGELA SCHMIDT, Appellee. Opinion No. 20240759-CA Filed July 2, 2026 Third District…

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Viewing Pre- and Post-Nuptial Agreements Through the Humanity Lens

Viewing Pre- and Post-Nuptial Agreements Through the Humanity Lens A premarital agreement is sold to clients as a piece of financial engineering. It provides certainty. It protects separate property. It…

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You Don’t Want an Overworked Judge or Domestic Relations Commissioner Deciding Your Family’s Fate

Judge Kasey Wright deserves more credit than ridicule for refusing to pretend that chronic triage is competent judging. On July 13, 2026, Utah Fourth Judicial District Judge Kasey Wright submitted…

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When the Old Lame Excuses Fail, New Ones Will Be Invented

Judges in child custody disputes should hear from children more often. A lot more often. It should be routine, the presumptive course, the default. Not because children should decide custody…

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“I’m Not Trained to Interview Children” and Other Empty Objections Behind Utah’s PGAL Default

At a recent hearing, a commissioner explained why she was appointing a private guardian ad litem instead of interviewing the child herself: "Given the age of the child, the statutory…

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One Opinion, Seven Letterheads: The Family Court Echo Chamber

Christine Miller recently made a point about family court that deserves more attention: the appearance of independent professional agreement where no genuine independence exists. When a court appoints a private guardian…

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Kids Don’t Belong in the Driver’s Seat: How Utah Custody Law Rewards Defiance and Calls It Protection

A fit parent is awarded equal custody of two teenagers. Nothing in the record suggests he's dangerous, neglectful, or unfit—the court has already said so. A few months in, the…

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The Weaponization of Victimhood: A Candid Look at the Inexcusable Bias in Family Courts

“A woman's greatest strength [in divorce court] is her ability to be a victim.” It’s a statement that immediately makes people boil over—either in furious agreement or absolute outrage. But…

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Let. The. Evidence. Point. The. Way.

A recent podcast clip I saw this week made a deliberately provocative claim: “A woman’s greatest strength is her ability to be a victim.” Taken literally, the statement is too…

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Utah Rule 108 Requires a Hearing on Enforcement Objections

Christensen v. Christensen - 2026 UT App 104 THE UTAH COURT OF APPEALS JEFFREY CHRISTENSEN, Appellant, v. COURTNEY JESSICA CHRISTENSEN, Appellee. Opinion No. 20240810-CA Filed July 9, 2026 Third District…

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When Family Courts Punish the Innocent Parent

Child Custody Defiance Should Not Cost a Fit Parent Both the Children and More Money Suppose a court orders equal custody. Both parents are fit. One parent is ready, willing,…

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The Intersection of Federal Immigration Law and Utah Divorce

One of the most complex, high-stakes scenarios occurs when federal immigration policies collide head-on with state domestic relations law. Under the federal Violence Against Women Act (VAWA), a non-citizen spouse…

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SB 304 Promised a Fix for Weaponized Protective Orders. Read the Statute

Anyone who practices Utah family law has watched it happen. A child custody dispute is going badly for one parent, or hasn't started yet, and a protective order petition appears.…

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Protection Without Prejudice

A temporary protective order should do one thing well: protect against the danger actually alleged and shown by nothing less than a preponderance of the evidence. It should not become…

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When “More Likely Than Not” Becomes “Maybe, So Better Safe Than Sorry”

A low evidentiary burden is still a burden. That should be obvious. In Utah temporary protective order practice, however, it is often treated as optional. The preponderance of the evidence…

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The Family Home in Divorce: Sell It or Let One Spouse Keep It?

For many Utah couples, the family home is the largest asset in the divorce. It is also often the most emotional one. That combination can make it dangerous. A spouse…

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The Standard of Proof Is the Immune System of Family Law—and Courts Keep Suppressing It

This post is a companion to The Bloodletting of Family Law. That post diagnosed a system that mistakes itself for the cure. This one is about the cure the system…

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The Bloodletting of Family Law: When the System Mistakes Itself for the Cure

For centuries, physicians bled their patients and called it medicine. The patients got weaker; the doctors, confident in their training, prescribed more bleeding. Medicine now has a name for harm…

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Guardian ad Litem in Utah: What a GAL or PGAL Is Supposed to Do—and What Usually Happens Instead

If you are in a child custody dispute and the court appoints a "guardian ad litem," it sounds reassuring. A lawyer appointed for the child? What could there be not…

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When an “Absent” Parent Was Pushed Out

When a parent isn't active in a child's life, most people think they already know why. He must not care. She must have checked out. He must have wanted something…

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The Hard Truth About Grandparents’ Visitation “Rights”

Utah grandparent visitation rights can be court-ordered, but they are hard to win. A grandparent can ask a Utah court for visitation, but Utah law starts with a strong presumption in…

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Divorce Decree Property Awards Survive Death: Slaughter v. Alleman

2026 UT App 85 THE UTAH COURT OF APPEALS JOHN B. ALLEMAN, Petitioner, v. THE HONORABLE CHRISTINE JOHNSON AND APRIL SLAUGHTER, Respondents. APRIL SLAUGHTER, Appellee, v. JOHN B. ALLEMAN, Appellant.…

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Divorce Does Not Make Underemployment Invisible in Utah Alimony Cases

When a spouse earns less after divorce is filed, the court does not have to accept the lower number just because it appears on a paycheck. That is one of…

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Jenkins v. Jenkins – Imputed Income and Fault-Based Alimony

2026 UT App 86 THE UTAH COURT OF APPEALS KRISTINE JENKINS, Appellee, v. EVAN K. JENKINS, Appellant. Opinion No. 20241206-CA Filed May 29, 2026 Fourth District Court, Provo Department The…

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Put the Rules Where the Power Is

Every courthouse hallway has its own atmosphere. People sit on benches waiting for decisions that may affect their children, property, liberty, safety, income, or reputation. Lawyers hurry between hearings. Witnesses…

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Does Child Support Cover School Fees and Extracurricular Activities in Utah?

One of the most common sources of conflict between co-parents is not just custody exchanges, holiday schedules, or even the monthly child support payment. Often, it is the steady stream…

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The “Best Interests” Standard: Common Factors Judges Consider in Utah Child Custody and Parent-time Disputes

When parents separate or divorce, one of the most important questions is how custody of their children will be determined. Many parents enter the process believing the court will automatically…

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 Ineffective Counsel in Utah TPR Cases: In re A.H.

In re A.H., 2026 UT App 88 THE UTAH COURT OF APPEALS STATE OF UTAH, IN THE INTEREST OF A.H., J.H., J.H., L.H., N.H., S.H., AND E.H., PERSONS UNDER EIGHTEEN…

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State v. Collard: Redacting Protective Orders and Ineffective Assistance of Counsel

State v. Collard, 2026 UT App 87 THE UTAH COURT OF APPEALS STATE OF UTAH, Appellee, v. KEVIN MICHAEL COLLARD, Appellant. Opinion No. 20240532-CA Filed June 4, 2026 Third District…

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“I’ll Give It the Appropriate Weight” Is Not a Rule of Evidence

Few courtroom phrases are more soothing—or more dangerous—than this response to a valid hearsay objection: “I’ll admit it, but I’ll give it the appropriate weight.” The phrase sounds disciplined. It…

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PGALs Are Almost Always Appointed for the Court’s Convenience, Not the Child’s Benefit or for the Benefit of Seeking the Truth

For many parents involved in child custody disputes, the phrase “appointing a PGAL” comes up before anyone explains what it means. “PGAL” is short for private guardian ad litem. In…

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