Utah Law Does Not Bar Children From Testifying—Even When a PGAL Is Appointed
Utah law allows a child to be represented by an attorney—either a guardian ad litem (GAL) when there are allegations of child abuse, or by a private guardian ad litem…
A Shield, Not a Gag: Utah’s PGAL Statute Authorizes Representation, Not Substitution
When Utah courts face high-conflict custody disputes, one common suggestion is to appoint what is known as a Private Guardian ad Litem (PGAL)—an attorney ostensibly tasked with “representing the best interests of…
Sample Objection Language for GAL and Custody Evaluator Overreach in Utah Courts
(For educational purposes only. Consult your attorney before you considering using these in your own case.) GAL Acting Like a Witness Without Being Sworn “Your Honor, I object. The Guardian…
Guardians ad Litem and Custody Evaluators in Utah: Too Often Biased, Flawed, and Beyond Accountability
In Utah custody disputes, Guardians ad Litem (GALs) and custody evaluators can have enormous influence over the outcome, often so much so that it’s far more than the law actually…
Family Lawyers: Why Aren’t More of You Moving the Court to Interview Children Instead of Automatically Requesting PGALs or Custody Evaluators?
Most cases don't need a PGAL or evaluator appointment. Why are court interviews often the better choice?: Quality of evidence: Direct court interviews create objective, recorded testimony rather than subjective, unverifiable,…
THE BEST PERSON TO “SPEAK FOR A CHILD” IS THE CHILD HIMSELF/HERSELF, NOT A GUARDIAN AD LITEM
“Speak your mind—even if your voice shakes. . . . When you least expect it, someone may actually listen to what you have to say.” — Maggie Kuhn I have…
2024 UT App 104 – In re B.D. – What is a dependent child?
2024 UT App 104 - In re B.D. THE UTAH COURT OF APPEALS STATE OF UTAH, IN THE INTEREST OF B.D., A PERSON UNDER EIGHTEEN YEARS OF AGE. N.D., Appellant,…
2024 UT App 91 – In re R.D. – Juvenile Court Jurisdiction – Parental Presumption
2024 UT App 91 – In re R.D. THE UTAH COURT OF APPEALS IN THE INTEREST OF R.D. AND Z.J., PERSONS UNDER EIGHTEEN YEARS OF AGE. K.J., Appellant, v. N.J.…
Why Get it Straight From the Horse’s Mouth When You Can Get a Truncated Version, Second-Hand?
When a custody evaluator and/or private guardian ad litem is/are appointed in a divorce case in which custody and parent-time of the children is disputed, they usually interview the children…
Doing What’s Best for Children by Refusing to Hear From Them on the Subject (And Other Nonsense).
Recently an attorney posed a question on a forum for fellow Utah family law attorneys. The question involved how to find out what the children’s experiences have been with one…
What Good Parents Need to Know About Child Custody Disputes with an Evil Parent
You hear and read on attorney websites stuff like, “Navigating child custody arrangements during divorce can be challenging.” That’s not the half of it. Child custody disputes with an evil parent…
The Problem with Private Guardians ad Litem. Part 3 of 3
As any attorney can do with any client, a PGAL clearly has the right to argue on a child client's behalf, and the Utah Code makes clear that a PGAL…
The Problem with Private Guardians ad Litem. Part 2 of 3
As any attorney can do with any client, a PGAL clearly has the right to argue on a child client's behalf, and the Utah Code makes clear that a PGAL…
The Problem with Private Guardians ad Litem. Part 1 of 3
Utah Code § 78A-2-705 provides that, “The court may appoint an attorney as a private attorney guardian ad litem to represent the best interests of the minor in any district…
Why Do Utah Courts Not Allow Child Testimony?
I had lunch today with a former legal assistant of mine who is now a law student in Arizona. Over the summer he shadowed judges in Maricopa County during their…
Pgals (Private Guardians Ad Litem) Are a Bad Idea.
Why? You’ll hear the argument that a PGAL should be appointed for a child because we don't want to traumatize children by having them testify on the record. Where is the…
An Interesting and Troubling Article on the Topic of Family and Family Law From the Salt Lake Tribune
This is an interesting and troubling article on the topic of family and family law from the Salt Lake Tribune: Mother of teen killed in Salt Lake City murder-suicide pushed…
In Re J.E. 2023 UT App 3, Voluntary Declaration of Paternity
2023 UT App 3 THE UTAH COURT OF APPEALS STATE OF UTAH, IN THE INTEREST OF J.E., A PERSON UNDER EIGHTEEN YEARS OF AGE. D.E., Appellant, v. STATE OF UTAH,…
Is appointing a guardian ad litem helpful in custody cases?
Is appointing a guardian ad litem a positive tool to help with custody cases? [I will respond to your question based upon my experience with guardians ad litem in Utah,…
I’m a child whose parents are divorcing and fighting over custody. What can I do?
I’m 15, about to be 16, and my parents are getting a divorce. My father has full custody, but he doesn't want to take me to court to present my…
Why is it OK for a parent to be given custody without their kids’ consent?
Why is it okay for a parent to be given custody without their kids consent or at least their input? This is a great question. I can’t speak for all…
Recent thoughts about family law
Recent thoughts about family law I’ve been prompted recently to express my thoughts and opinions about the judiciary generally in the family law context. Here are a few thoughts I…
GALs/custody evaluators waste money/time compared to judge interview
GALs and custody evaluators waste too much money and time, and can never provide the same accuracy as a judge’s direct interview of the child. This post is the fifteenth…
I’ve never seen a GAL or custody evaluator add value equal to the fees they charge
I've never seen a GAL or custody evaluator add value equal to the fees they charge This post is the fourteenth in series of 15 posts on the subject of…
GAL recommendations are nowhere close to being the best way
GAL recommendations are nowhere close to being the best way to determining the child’s best interest. This post is the thirteenth in series of 15 posts on the subject of…
How useful are a GAL’s or custody evaluator’s recommendations?
How useful are a GAL’s or custody evaluator’s recommendations? This post is the twelfth in series of 15 posts on the subject of custody evaluations and the appointment of guardians ad litem (“GALs”…
What’s the benefit of having no record of the child’s interview?
What’s the benefit of having no record of the child’s interview? This post is the eleventh in series of 15 posts on the subject of custody evaluations and the appointment…
Do GALs or custody evaluators do a better job of interviewing children than judges do?
This post is the tenth in series of 15 posts on the subject of custody evaluations and the appointment of guardians ad litem (“GALs” for short) in Utah child custody…
Why Not Have the Judge Interview the Children About Child Custody?
Why Not Have the Judge Interview the Children About Child Custody? Why Appoint a GAL or Custody Evaluator When the Judge Can Interview the Children? This post is the first…
There is nothing a GAL could learn how to do that a judge cannot also learn how to do equally well.
There is nothing a GAL could learn how to do that a judge cannot also learn how to do equally well. This post is the ninth in series of 15…
If everyone agrees that the judge needs to know what the child is experiencing, observing, and feeling, why won’t the judge interview the child?
If everyone agrees that the judge needs to know what the child is experiencing, observing, and feeling, why won’t the judge interview the child? This post is the seventh…
Which Is Better: spending thousands on GAL/custody evaluator or $0 on a judge interview?
Which Is Better: spending thousands on GAL/custody evaluator or $0 on a judge interview? How could it be better to spend thousands on a GAL or custody evaluator when the…
Believing Judges Interviewing Children Harms Children Rests on False Premises
This post is the eighth in series of 15 posts on the subject of custody evaluations and the appointment of guardians ad litem (“GALs” for short) in Utah child custody…
Does having the judge interview the children traumatize the children?
Does having the judge interview the children traumatize the children? This post is the second in series of 15 posts on the subject of custody evaluations and the appointment…
2019 UT App 207 – Peeples v. Peeples – modification of child custody
2019 UT App 207 - THE UTAH COURT OF APPEALS ADAM LEGRANDE PEEPLES, Appellee, v. ANNALEISE T. PEEPLES, Appellant. Opinion No. 20180713-CA Filed December 19, 2019 Third District Court, Salt…
What are the rights and responsibilities of a “Guardian ad Litem”?
Role of guardian ad litem Utah Code § 30-3-11.2. Appointment of counsel for child “If, in any action before any court of this state involving the custody or support of…
2019 UT App 81 – In re A.R. – permanent custody and guardianship
2019 UT App 81 – In re A.R. THE UTAH COURT OF APPEALS STATE OF UTAH, IN THE INTEREST OF A.R., R.R., AND V.R., PERSONS UNDER EIGHTEEN YEARS OF AGE.…
K.P.S. v. E.J.P. – 2018 UT App 5 – Utah Court of Appeals – January 5, 2018
2018 UT App 5 THE UTAH COURT OF APPEALS K.P.S., Appellee, v. E.J.P., Appellant. Opinion No. 20160164-CA Filed January 5, 2018 Third District Court, Salt Lake Department The Honorable Paul…
How can I call my 10-year-old as a witness to say where she would like to live?
QUESTION: How can I call my 10-year-old as a witness in family court to say where she would like to live, and why? ANSWER: First, you may want to re-think your…
Defending Yourself Against a Protective Order
My friend is a good man. His wife is crazy. She put a protection order against him, to help manipulate the court proceedings. What should he do? Defend himself with…
In re K.T. 2017 UT 44 (August 8, 2017) – standard of proof – child abuse
This opinion is subject to revision before final publication in the Pacific Reporter In re K.T. 2017 UT 44 (August 8, 2017) IN THE SUPREME COURT OF THE STATE OF…
Am I allowed to ask for my social workers’ qualifications or expertise?
Am I allowed to ask for my social workers’ qualifications or expertise? In the State of Utah, absolutely. Utah Family Law, LC | divorceutah.com | 801-466-9277 https://www.quora.com/Am-I-allowed-to-ask-for-my-social-workers-qualifications-or-expertise