What Counts as “Testimony” When the Court Hears From a Child

In the prior two posts, I described a common feature of Utah custody and parent-time proceedings: courts routinely make findings about a child’s needs, relationships, and lived experience without hearing…

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The Illusion of Protection: Why Utah’s Child Testimony Statute Threatens Due Process and Open Courts

A constitutional critique of Utah Code § 81-9-204(5)(a) Utah, like every state, bears a solemn and compelling responsibility to protect children involved in custody and parent-time disputes. That responsibility is…

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Why This Debate Is So Often Avoided in Utah Child Custody Cases

This post is the fourth in a four-part series examining Utah courts’ reliance on guardians ad litem (GALs), private guardians ad litem (PGALs), and custody evaluators, and the legal, procedural,…

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Restoring Judicial Fact-Finding in Utah Child custody Cases: Adjudication Without Synthetic Substitutes

This post is the third in a four-part series examining Utah courts’ reliance on guardians ad litem (GALs), private guardians ad litem (PGALs), and custody evaluators, and the legal, procedural,…

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When Help Becomes Substitution: Where Utah’s Use of Best-Interest Professionals Breaks Down Legally

This post is the second in a four-part series examining Utah courts’ reliance on guardians ad litem (GALs), private guardians ad litem (PGALs), and custody evaluators, and the legal, procedural,…

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Why Utah Courts Rely on GALs, PGALs, and Custody Evaluators — The Best Case

This post is the first in a four-part series examining Utah courts’ reliance on guardians ad litem (GALs), private guardians ad litem (PGALs), and custody evaluators, beginning with the strongest…

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Why Courts Should Explain How They Hear Children in Custody Cases

Evidence, Record-Making, and the Limits of Testimonial Substitution Courts, lawyers, and commissioners in child custody and parent-time disputes often operate on an unspoken assumption: that the only acceptable way to…

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Another Thing I Realized About Why Custody Evaluators Don’t Want Interviews Recorded

I'm beginning to realize that the amount of subjectivity involved with custody evaluation findings and conclusions is almost absolute, when you have two fit parents; meaning that somebody could ask…

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“A Child Is More Honest in His Interview if He Knows the Interview Is Not Recorded” Makes About as Much Sense as “The Runner Goes Faster if He Knows He Is Not Timed.”

The overwhelming majority of judges and domestic relations commissioners in Utah will refuse to have the interview of children who are the subject of child custody disputes recorded by sound-and-visual…

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Why is it OK for a parent to be given custody without their kids’ consent?

Why is it okay for a parent to be given custody without their kids consent or at least their input? This is a great question. I can’t speak for all…

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Recent thoughts about family law

Recent thoughts about family law I’ve been prompted recently to express my thoughts and opinions about the judiciary generally in the family law context. Here are a few thoughts I…

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GALs/custody evaluators waste money/time compared to judge interview

GALs and custody evaluators waste too much money and time, and can never provide the same accuracy as a judge’s direct interview of the child. This post is the fifteenth…

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Do GALs or custody evaluators do a better job of interviewing children than judges do?

This post is the tenth in series of 15 posts on the subject of custody evaluations and the appointment of guardians ad litem (“GALs” for short) in Utah child custody…

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